Preparation of hierarchical y zeolite catalysts for improved performance in the fluid catalytic cracking of residues
Abstract
The results of preparation and catalytic evaluation of hierarchical Y zeolite catalysts in the catalytic cracking of residues from Dung Quat refinery were reported in this paper. The hierarchical Y zeolite prepared by optimised acid-base treatments (0,1 M EDTA and 0,1 M
NaOH) and stabilised by ion exchange with lanthanum and ammonium ions exhibited a large mesoporous surface area of ca.140 m2/g, pore size distribution centred at ca.14 nm and improved acidity (2474 μmol NH3/g). A prototype industrial cracking catalyst (DMQ-Y) was formulated from the hierarchical Y zeolite, and its performance was assessed on a SCT-MAT (short-contact-time microactivity test) unit licensed by Grace. The steamed DMQ-Y catalyst exhibited a conversion of ca. 74 wt.% and yields of gasoline and propylene of ca. 48 wt.% and ca. 7 wt.% respectively. Compared to the commercial, analogous FCC catalyst (GRX-3, Grace), DMQ-Y increased the yield of propylene by 2 wt.%. These findings suggested that the presence of mesoporosity in the hierarchical Y zeolite on the one hand enhanced the cracking of bottoms into valuable products, on the other hand it suppressed undesired secondary transformation of formed products, enabling a superior yield of propylene.
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